Cho 5 điểm A, B, C, D, E. Chứng minh rằng:
a) \(\overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {CD} + \overrightarrow {EA} \) = \(\overrightarrow {CB} + \overrightarrow {ED} \).
b) \(\overrightarrow {AC} + \overrightarrow {CD} - \overrightarrow {EC} \) = \(\overrightarrow {A{\rm{E}}} - \overrightarrow {BD} + \overrightarrow {CB} \).
Lời giải
a) Ta có:
\(\overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {CD} + \overrightarrow {EA} \)
= \(\overrightarrow {EA} + \overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {CD} \)
= \(\overrightarrow {EB} + \overrightarrow {CD} \)
= \(\overrightarrow {ED} + \overrightarrow {DB} + \overrightarrow {CB} + \overrightarrow {BD} \)
= \(\overrightarrow {ED} + \overrightarrow {CB} + (\overrightarrow {BD} + \overrightarrow {DB} )\)
= \(\overrightarrow {CB} + \overrightarrow {ED} \)
Vậy \(\overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {CD} + \overrightarrow {EA} \) = \(\overrightarrow {CB} + \overrightarrow {ED} \)
b) Ta có:
\(\overrightarrow {AC} + \overrightarrow {CD} - \overrightarrow {EC} \)
= \(\overrightarrow {AC} + \overrightarrow {CD} + \overrightarrow {CE} \)
= \(\overrightarrow {AC} + \overrightarrow {CE} + \overrightarrow {CD} \)
= \(\overrightarrow {AE} + \overrightarrow {CD} \)
= \(\overrightarrow {AE} + \overrightarrow {CB} + \overrightarrow {BD} \)
= \(\overrightarrow {A{\rm{E}}} - \overrightarrow {BD} + \overrightarrow {CB} \)
Vậy \(\overrightarrow {AC} + \overrightarrow {CD} - \overrightarrow {EC} \) = \(\overrightarrow {A{\rm{E}}} - \overrightarrow {BD} + \overrightarrow {CB} \).